When there is an anatomical or physiological alteration in any of the phonation or articulatory organs, a speech problem occurs , since this anomaly makes articulation difficult and there is no correct pronunciation of the words, this disorder is known as dysglossia. However, there are other disorders that can also make it difficult for you to speak, but these are usually neurological disorders.
Dysglossias are classified according to the articulatory organ where the alteration occurs and within these it may have a different origin, it is not always congenital, so it can occur in anyone regardless of age or sex and if you are interested in knowing about the types of dysglosias , in this FastlyHealarticle we will let you know.
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Lip dysglossia
The lips have two main functions, one is the manipulation of food when you eat and the other is the joint organ , that is, it allows you to pronounce words correctly and make what you say understandable.
When you present an alteration in these structures, either in their shape, their consistency or their mobility or strength being reduced, the pronunciation of certain consonants will be difficult , especially those words that include the letters b, m, o, p and or.
This disorder is known as lip dysglossia and its cause can vary, mainly it is caused if you have congenital anomalies such as cleft lip , hypertrophic upper lip frenulum, cleft lower lip, elongation of the oral cleft, or by disorders that you may develop in any stage of life, for example trigeminal neuralgia, facial paralysis and even some injuries to the lip.
Dental dysglossia
Another type of dysglossia involves the teeth , since these are a fundamental part for correct pronunciation, serving as a point of support for the tongue to press and emit the sound corresponding to certain consonants, depending on whether it is due to constriction of the front teeth or when the tongue comes into contact with or is located between the teeth.
Therefore, if your teeth do not have a normal shape, number or position, you can develop dental dysglossia. This alteration can have different origins, among them it is hereditary , as occurs with imperfect dentinogenesis in which there is an abnormal development of the teeth, or due to hormonal imbalances increasing or reducing the development of the teeth. The food and hygiene habits can also alter the dentition; On the other hand, if you are under orthodontic treatment or wear dental prostheses, it is common for you to have difficulty articulating some words.
Disglosias mandibulares
It is also possible that you suffer from dysglossia if you present a modification in the shape of the jaw or jaw , since it participates in the joint as an obstacle to the circulation of the air flow producing the sound.
The fact that you have a mandibular dysglossia can be of congenital cause , for example due to micrognathia in which the lower jaw does not have a normal size, due to maxillofacial dysostosis in which there is not a correct development of the jaw giving a “fish face” appearance “; or due to a later acquired condition , such as a malignant tumor or mandibular atresia, which is when the development of the lower jaw stops as can occur when using a pacifier constantly, although it could also be congenital; Also, after a surgical intervention to remove a part of the maxilla, it could cause you to develop mandibular dysglossia.
Disglosias linguales
The tongue carries many functions, including being one of the organs of phonation, whose intervention is vital for you to articulate correctly. Without your thinking too much about it, when speaking your tongue must move quickly and accurately, synchronizing at the same time with the movement of the other parts of the speech apparatus, such as the teeth.
For this reason, if you suffer from any alteration in the language, mainly that compromises its mobility, you can develop a speech problem, especially in those words that use d, l, n and r, being one of the types of dysglossia .
Thus, this abnormality can be of congenital cause , for example disorders in which the tongue is larger than normal or is too short of the tip; Likewise, it can derive from an acquired problem, such as occurs after hypoglossal paralysis , burns or serious wounds on the tongue or due to partial or total removal of this organ, generally due to a tumor.
Palatal dysglossia
The palate can be affected by different disorders that alter its shape or structure and since it is, among other functions, part of the speech apparatus and actively interacts with the tongue when you speak for the correct articulation of words, its alteration can cause one of the types of dysglossia.
Depending on the affected area of the palate, the emission of certain sounds becomes difficult, for example an abnormality in the hard palate will make it difficult for you to pronounce consonants such as s, sh, n and l; if instead it is immediately behind the teeth it will be the articulation of the t and d, while in the soft palate or veil it would affect saying the k and the g.
These alterations are mainly of congenital cause and in most cases they are due to a cleft palate , that is, there is no union in the midline of the palate, and can include both the hard and soft palate. It is also possible that the speech difficulty you present is caused by a submucosal fissure of the palate, an alteration similar to the previous one but in this case if the mucosa that covers the palate joins.
Other causes why you can develop palatal dysglossia is if you suffer from bifid uvula , of congenital origin and it makes it difficult for you to pronounce uvular sounds; Likewise, one more cause is the pointed palate , an acquired alteration in which the palate takes on a narrow and very curved shape, for example due to the constant use of a pacifier.
This article is merely informative, at FastlyHeal .com we do not have the power to prescribe medical treatments or make any type of diagnosis. We invite you to see a doctor in the case of presenting any type of condition or discomfort.
If you want to read more articles similar to Types of dysglossia , we recommend that you enter our category of Teeth and mouth .
I am a Surgeon with a diploma in comprehensive ultrasound and surgical care residency, an area I am specializing in. During the exercise of my profession, I have realized the need for patients to know the diseases they suffer, and I can tell you that a large part of their complications is due to a lack of information. Being a health web writer allows me to transmit my experience, without borders, to all those readers eager for knowledge, educate them in the prevention of diseases and promote a healthy lifestyle.